Supplementary Figure 3: Proof-of-principle: A genetic dissection of biofilm matrix usage in P. aeruginosa PAO1.
From: Precision-engineering the Pseudomonas aeruginosa genome with two-step allelic exchange

Bacteria were grown in 3 ml LB overnight in 16 mm culture tubes at 37 °C at 250 rpm. The spent medium and planktonic cells were removed by aspiration. The adherent biomass was stained with crystal violet and rinsed to remove residual stain and loose material. A ΔwspF strain overproduces biofilm. Biofilm production requires the extracellular polymers Pel and Psl. Strains with ΔpelF or ΔpslD mutations produce less biofilm, whereas a strain with ΔpelF and ΔpslD mutations produces no biofilm.