A review of: Vento M, Asensi M, Sastre J, et al. 2001 Resuscitation with room air instead of 100% oxygen prevents oxidative stress in moderately asphyxiated term newborns. Pediatrics 107:642–647

Over the last several years, new guidelines have been developed for resuscitation of term newborns with the use of 100% oxygen continuing to be considered standard of care (1). However, there has been increased emphasis on the role of reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of neonatal insults, most notably ischemia/reperfusion injury associated with perinatal asphyxia. This has led investigators to question the validity of using 100% oxygen in neonatal resuscitation.

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