Table 2 Functional memory representation, functional memory field, and functional memory space type

Spiritual memory

Symbolic field

It primarily serves as a cultural site for local clan transformations, ethnic variations, and religious beliefs; exterior manifestations are evident through commemoration festivals, rituals, clan temples, and distinctive celebrations.

Spiritual Will Memory Space

(SWMS)

The space is represented by the essence of local myths, legends, historical narratives, and folklore.

The historical processes of significant military and political events, notable battles, and national crises profoundly influence the locus of military operations; external representations manifest as ancient military sites, memorials, and other forms of existence.

The majority consist of literary compositions and narrative resources aimed at fostering regional literature and culture, with exterior manifestations including epic archives, myths and legends, paintings and calligraphy, poetry, and inscriptions, among others.

Social Perception Memory Space

(SPMS)

The space illustrates the development of spatial relationships among defined locations across a specific timeframe and phase of transformation in social structures.

Primarily tangible and intangible cultural sites reflecting the laws of historical evolution, narratives, and representations of historical trajectories, cultural embodiments of regime change; external manifestations in the form of historical events, the development of ancient urban sites, and other modes of existence.

Material memory

Symbolic field, Real field

Many of these locations serve significant roles in regional functions and cultural attributes, and they may also encompass non-physical spatial entities; their exterior manifestations include folklore, totemic symbols, attire, dances, and similar elements.

Functional Representation Memory Space

(FCMS)

The space reflects the space of natural or humanistic places with specific functions and local characteristics.

Function field

The functional content of the location is varied, often interconnected with other memory sites, making its functional definition complex and challenging to describe; external characterization primarily manifests through ancient burials, artifacts, and similar remnants.

Function field、Real field

Designated as a significant site, it serves to influence culture and spirituality within a geographic framework; external manifestations mostly consist of edifices, fortifications, remnants, temples, shrines, and similar structures.

Production-Living Memory Space

(PLMS)

It is the place space that carries the function of human production and life.

It is a cultural site that serves both production and habitation, and a regional location capable of significantly impacting the public’s production and lifestyle; exterior categorization primarily manifests as traditional villages and dwellings.