Table 1 Baseline characteristics overall and according to antenatal BP (mean ± SD or median [IQR] N women (%) unless otherwise specified).

From: Do lower antenatal blood pressure cut-offs in pregnant women with obesity identify those at greater risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes? A secondary analysis of data from the UK Pregnancies Better Eating and Activity Trial (UPBEAT)

  

Antenatal BP (mmHg)a

  

‘Normal BP’

‘Elevated BP’

‘Stage 1 HTN’

‘Stage 2 HTN’ Non-severe

‘Stage 2 HTN’ Severe

 

Overall

<120/<80

120–129/<80

130–139/80–89

≥140/≥90

≥160/≥110

 

N = 1520

(N = 166, 10.9%)

(N = 252, 16.6%)

(N = 614, 40.4%)

(N = 426, 28.0%)

(N = 62, 4.1%)

Demographics

 Maternal age (yr)

30.5 ± 5.5

30.8 ± 5.5

30.5 ± 5.4

30.4 ± 5.7

30.3 ± 5.3

30.7 ± 5.4

Ethnicity

 White British

957 (63.0%)

67 (40.4%)

150 (59.5%)

390 (63.5%)

304 (71.4%)

46 (74.2%)

 Black

388 (25.5%)

62 (37.3%)

70 (27.8%)

164 (26.7%)

81 (19.0%)

11 (17.7%)

 Asian

91 (6.0%)

24 (14.5%)

12 (4.8%)

34 (5.5%)

18 (4.2%)

4 (6.5%)

 Other

84 (5.5%)

13 (7.8%)

20 (7.9%)

26 (4.2%)

23 (5.4%)

2 (3.2%)

BMI (kg/m2)

      

 Mean (SD)

36.3 ± 4.8

34.4 ± 3.1

35.3 ± 4.1

36.3 ± 4.7

37.8 ± 5.3

37.3 ± 5.6

 30–34.9

666 (43.8%)

113 (68.1%)

149 (59.1%)

302 (49.2%)

157 (36.9%)

29 (46.8%)

 35–39.9

551 (36.2%)

44 (26.5%)

72 (28.6%)

200 (32.6%)

161 (37.8%)

16 (25.8%)

 >40

303 (20.0%)

9 (5.4%)

31 (12.3%)

112 (18.2%)

108 (25.4%)

17 (27.4%)

Previous history

 Chronic hypertension

49 (3.3%)

0

4 (1.6%)

10 (2.3%)

31 (7.3%)

5 (8.1%)

 Parous women

(N = 859)

(N = 124)

(N = 153)

(N = 349)

(N = 212)

(N = 21)

 Prior pre-eclampsia

69 (8.0%)

6 (4.8%)

8 (5.2%)

20 (5.9%)

29 (13.7%)

6 (28.6%)

 Prior GDM

32 (3.7%)

5 (4.0%)

5 (3.3%)

15 (3.9%)

7 (3.3%)

0

History among first degree relative(s)

 Hypertension

702 (46.2%)

81 (48.8%)

104 (41.3%)

271 (43.9%)

218 (51.2%)

28 (45.2%)

 DM (Type 1 or 2)

400 (26.3%)

57 (34.3%)

56 (22.2%)

167 (26.3%)

109 (25.6%)

14 (22.6%)

Ischaemic heart disease

232 (15.3%)

23 (13.9%)

41 (16.3%)

85 (15.2%)

75 (17.6%)

8 (12.9%)

 Stroke

123 (8.1%)

17 (10.2%)

25 (9.9%)

45 (7.4%)

31 (7.3%)

5 (8.1%)

 Pre-eclampsia

173 (11.4%)

14 (8.4%)

25 (9.9%)

68 (11.7%)

58 (13.6%)

8 (12.9%)

Current pregnancy

 GA at booking (weeks)

10.3 ± 2.1

10.3 ± 1.8

10.0 ± 1.8

10.4 ± 2.1

10.3 ± 2.3

10.3 ± 1.9

Conceived by ART

      

 Ovarian stimulation

30 (2.0%)

0

5 (1.9%)

15 (2.3%)

10 (2.3%)

0

 In vitro fertilisation

22 (1.4%)

1 (0.6%)

4 (1.6%)

12 (2.0%)

5 (1.1%)

0

 Nulliparity

661 (43.5%)

42 (25.3%)

99 (39.3%)

266 (44.9%)

213 (50.0%)

41 (66.1%)

 Aspirin at first visit

195 (12.8%)

14 (8.4%)

15 (5.9%)

67 (11.9%)

83 (19.5%)

16 (25.8%)

 Cigarettes at first visit

105 (6.9%)

11 (6.6%)

20 (7.9%)

42 (7.2%)

31 (7.3%)

1 (1.6%)

 Alcohol at first visit

66 (4.3%)

5 (3.0%)

12 (4.8%)

31 (5.7%)

17 (4.0%)

1 (1.6%)

UPBEAT information

 Intervention arm

763 (50.2%)

76 (45.8%)

136 (53.9%)

306 (51.9%)

211 (49.5%)

34 (54.8%)

  1. APH antepartum haemorrhage, ART artificial reproductive technologies, BP blood pressure, dBP diastolic blood pressure, DM diabetes mellitus, GDM gestational diabetes mellitus, PPH postpartum haemorrhage, sBP systolic blood pressure.
  2. aAs assessed at outpatient antenatal visits or medical assessment unit visits prior to the delivery admission. BP was categorised according to the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association criteria as follows: ‘Normal BP’ (sBP < 120 mmHg and dBP < 80 mmHg), ‘Elevated BP’ (sBP 120–129 mmHg but dBP < 80 mmHg), ‘Stage 1 hypertension’ (sBP 130–139 mmHg and/or dBP 80–89 mmHg), and ‘Stage 2 hypertension’ (sBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or dBP ≥ 90 mmHg).
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