Table 1 Clinical and sociodemographic sample characteristics.

From: Ostracism, cortisol reactivity, and motivation for high-calorie food in children and adolescents with obesity

  

Inclusion

Exclusion

Group comparison

  

[n = 20]

[n = 21]

Test statistics

p-value* (2-tailed)

Child characteristics

 Age, M (SD)

 

13.45 (2.42)

13.29 (2.55)

T = 0.211

0.834

 Sex, n (%)

Female

7 (35)

12 (57)

χ2 = 2.020

0.155

Male

13 (65)

9 (43)

 BMI percentile, M (SD)

 

98.65 (1.18)

98.29 (1.55)

T = 0.842

0.405

 BMI ≥99th percentile, n (%)

 

18 (90)

15 (71)

  

 Current education, n (%)

Elementary school

1 (5)

2 (10)

χ2 = 5.966

0.427

Secondary school

8 (40)

5 (24)

Vocational secondary

7 (35)

6 (33)

Grammar school

4 (20)

7 (33)

 Symptom severity (SDQ), M (SD)

Overall

14.35 (3.80)

12.38 (6.32)

T = 1.215

0.233

Emotional problems

3.45 (2.11)

3.00 (2.61)

T = 0.605

0.549

Conduct problems

2.85 (1.60)

2.19 (1.54)

T = 1.347

0.186

Hyperactivity

4.35 (1.53)

4.05 (2.42)

T = 0.481

0.634

Peer problems

3.70 (1.42)

3.14 (1.71)

T = 1.132

0.265

Prosocial behaviors

7.70 (1.84)

7.90 (2.49)

T = −0.298

0.767

 Chronic stress (PSS), M (SD)

Overall

19.05 (5.10)

17.86 (6.28)

T = 0.666

0.510

Helplessness

10.50 (4.79)

8.57 (5.37)

T = 1.212

0.233

Self-efficacy

7.45 (2.98)

6.71 (3.51)

T = 0.722

0.475

 Emotional eating (EES-C), M (SD)

Anxiety, anger

11.20 (10.44)

8.76 (9.27)

T = 0.792

0.433

Depressive mood

10.85 (7.61)

7.33 (5.71)

T = 1.679

0.101

Feeling unsettled

3.30 (3.05)

2.95 (2.85)

T = 0.377

0.708

Parents’ characteristics

 Marital status, n (%)

Single

2 (13)

1 (7)

χ2 = 0.919

0.821

Married

9 (60)

10 (67)

  

Divorced

3 (20)

2 (13)

  

Living with new partner

1 (7)

2 (13)

  

 Education, n (%)

None or primary

2 (11)

4 (21)

χ2 = 8.598

0.377

Vocational

9 (50)

6 (32)

  

Secondary

4 (22)

6 (31)

  

Higher

3 (17)

4 (16)

  

 Income not/hardly enough, n (%)

 

5 (30)

4 (25)

χ2 = 0.780

0.941

  1. M mean, SD standard deviation, BMI body mass index (kg/m²), SDQ [30] Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire including an overall total difficulties sum score and five subscales, PSS [32] Perceived Stress Scale with an overall chronic stress score and two subscales, EES-C [31] Emotional Eating Scale—adapted for Children and Adolescents including three subscales, Inclusion group participants received 33% of a total of 180 ball tosses in the Virtual Reality (VR)-Cyberball game, Exclusion group participants were excluded after a total of 60 tosses in the VR-Cyberball game.
  2. *Significance at α = 0.05.
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