Fig. 1
From: Isolation methods of exosomes derived from dental stem cells

The surface markers and tissue origins of various dental stem cells, confirming their mesenchymal lineage and regenerative potential. While all share core mesenchymal stem cell markers (CD44, CD73, CD90, CD105, STRO-1), unique markers including CD24, CD140a/β, and CD31/CD63 define specialized roles in tissue repair, regeneration, and immunomodulation