Fig. 2: Observing dynamical Rabi coupling using a few-cycle laser pulse.
a The simulated KER spectra of dissociative fragments as a function of the peak intensity of a four-optical-cycle 400-nm laser pulse. Red and blue dashed curves denote the predicted KER using Eq. (3), where the molecule undergoes half-integral and integral Rabi oscillations at different internuclear distances, respectively. b Populations of the 2pσu state after the laser-H2+ interaction, i.e., the proton yield, as a function of the laser intensity. The red curve is obtained by integrating the two-dimensional map in a over the region of 1.5 eV < KER < 2.5 eV. The blue curve is numerically simulated by only switching on the transition at Rω. The black dashed curve is analytically calculated using Eq. (1). The maxima of all the curves are normalized to one for the convenience of comparison. c The dissociation yields as a function of the KER obtained by integrating the two-dimensional map in (a) within the laser intensity regions of [0, 3.7 × 1013], [3.7 × 1013, 1.5 × 1014], and [1.5 × 1014, 4 × 1014] W/cm2 corresponding to the three peaks. d Number of Rabi oscillations Nosc as a function of the laser intensity and internuclear distance. White, red, and black dashed curves denote the positions where Nosc = 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The initial state in the calculation is the v = 6 vibrational state
