Fig. 11: Printing patterns with different waveforms on substrates of various materials.
From: Application of pulse width modulation control in EHD waveform to optimize printing performance

a Existing EHD-printing waveform control method. b Waveform after applying the PWM method. c Printed dot array on silanized glass. d Printed dot array on a microscope slide. e Printed dot array on PET film. f Printed dot array on photo paper. g Printed dot array on a copper plate. h Printed dot array on FR4