Fig. 3: Characterizations of output displacement of PHRI. | Microsystems & Nanoengineering

Fig. 3: Characterizations of output displacement of PHRI.

From: Electroosmotic hydraulic-based haptic reproduction of human pulse with high accuracy for remote diagnosis

Fig. 3

a Output displacement at various driving voltages. b PHRI with different output deformation sizes. c Output displacement of different output deformation sizes. d–h Output displacements at different frequency driving voltages with via hole diameters of d 0.4, e 0.6, f 0.8, g 1.0, and h 1.2 mm. i Comparison of peak-to-peak output displacement for different via hole diameters at different frequency driving voltages

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