Fig. 1: Comparison of drug-target Mendelian randomization (DTMR) with randomized control trials (RCTs) (adapted from Chauquet et al. [90]).

The design for a a hypothetical RCT that investigates the impact of GIPR/GLP1R agonists on alcohol consumption behaviors, liver health, and food preferences is compared to b a drug-target MR analysis assessing the impact of genetically proxied associations of GIPR/GLP1R activity. In b, Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within or near the genomic loci and associated with the downstream physiological impact emulate GIPR/GLP1R therapeutics (reduced glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] or lowered body mass index [BMI]).