Fig. 2: High RBM30 expression in HCC is negatively associated with patient prognosis.

A The results of Western blotting assays showed that in fresh clinical samples, RBM30 protein expression in tumor tissues was significantly increased compared with that in paracancerous tissues (n = 24). B The TCGA database confirms that RBM30 expression is significantly higher in HCC tumor tissue compared to adjacent tissue, and ROC curve indicates that RBM30 may serve as a robust prognostic indicator for HCC (AUC = 0.896). C Correlation analysis between RBM30 expression levels in HCC tissues and clinicopathological parameters. D Immunohistochemical staining assays using tissue microarray (TMA) revealed that the higher the expression of RBM30 in HCC, the worse the prognosis of patients (P = 0.001), 500/100 µm. E Immunohistochemical staining assays using TMA demonstrated a positive correlation between RBM30 content and PD-L1 protein expression in tumor tissues (R = 0.3286, P = 0.0031), 500/100 µm. F Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database showed that the expression of RBM30 in HCC tumor tissues was negatively correlated with the prognosis of patients. Further analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between RBM30 content and PD-L1 expression in HCC (R = 0.202, ***P < 0.001). G mRNA-seq and TMT-MS are applied to reveal the underlying mechanisms through which RBM30 operates in depth. H The conjoint analysis results of mRNA-seq and TMT-MS revealed that RBM30 facilitates HCC immune evasion by augmenting intracellular STAT1 levels, thereby promoting the expression of PD-L1. I The RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP-seq) assays (anti-RBM30-Flag) revealed a widespread distribution of RBM30 across diverse RNA types. J The results from GO and KEGG analyses of RIP-seq indicated that RBM30 plays an extensive role in various biological processes within HCC through multiple signaling pathways. K The results of the integrated analysis of RIP-seq, mRNA-seq, and TMT-MS revealed a significant overlap between the binding targets and differentially expressed genes among these three datasets. However, no discernible association was observed between RBM30 and STA1 mRNA as well as PD-L1 mRNA.