Table 1 Summary of tissue biomarkers used in the study.

From: Combining tissue biomarkers with mpMRI to diagnose clinically significant prostate cancer. Analysis of 21 biomarkers in the PICTURE study

Protein symbol	Protein name	Alias	Protein accession code	Expression in cancer	Protein expression in prostate cancer	Image (MRI) data available	Reference
AGR2	Anterior Gradient 2	GOB-4	O95994	breast, prostate, oesophageal, pancreatic, colorectal, lung, hepatocellular carcinoma	↑	NO	[32,33,34,35]
AMACR	Alpha-Methylacyl-CoA Racemase	P504S	Q9UHK6	breast, prostate, colorectal, ovarian, bladder, lung, lymphoma, renal cell carcinomas, melanoma	↑	YES	[11, 36,37,38,39]
ANPEP	Alanyl Aminopeptidase	CD13	P15144	breast, prostate, gallbladder, leukaemia, ovarian, thyroid, pancreatic	↓	NO	[40,41,42,43]
AR	Androgen Receptor	NR3C4	P10275	breast, prostate, oesophageal, gastric, liver, pancreatic	↑	NO	[44,45,46]
CD10	Cluster of differentiation 10/ membrane metalloendopeptidase	MME	P08473	breast, prostate, leukaemia, renal, bladder, lung, colorectal,	↑↓	NO	[23, 47, 48]
ERG	Transcriptional Regulator ERG protein	TMPRSS2-ERG fusion	P11308	colorectal, prostate, leukaemia	↑	YES	[38, 49,50,51,52]
GDF15	Growth Differentiation Factor 15	MIC-1	Q99988	breast, prostate, colorectal	↑	YES	[53,54,55]
KHDRBS3	KH RNA Binding Domain Containing, Signal Transduction 3	TSAR	O75525	breast, prostate, colorectal, ovarian	↑	NO	[56,57,58]
MSMB	Microseminoprotein Beta	PSP-94	P08118	prostate	↓	YES	[11, 59]
PCLAF	PCNA Clamp Associated Factor	KIAA0101	Q15004	breast, prostate, adrenal, thyroid, pancreatic, gastric, lung, ovarian,	↑	NO	[60,61,62,63]
NAALADL2	N-Acetylated Alpha-Linked	NAALADase L2	Q58DX5	colon, prostate	↑	NO	[64,65,66]
NKX3.1	Homeobox Protein NK-3 Homologue A	BAPX2	Q99801	breast, prostate, nasopharyngeal	↓	NO	[67,68,69]
PSA	Prostate-specific antigen	KLK3	P07288	breast, prostate, ovarian,	↑	YES	[11, 38, 70, 71]
PSMA	Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen	FOLH	Q04609	endothelium of tumour-associated neovasculature of breast, prostate, lung and urothelial cancer	↑	YES	[11, 72, 73]
PTEN	Phosphatase And Tensin Homologue	MMAC 1	P60484	breast, prostate, colon, lung, glioblastoma, ovarian, kidney	↓	YES	[49, 51, 67, 74,75,76,77]
SIK2	Salt Inducible Kinase 2	SNF1LK2	Q9H0K1	breast, prostate, ovarian, lymphoma	↑	NO	[29, 78]
TBL1XR1	Transduction-Beta-Like 1 x-linked Receptor 1	TBLR1	Q9BZK7	breast, prostate, ovarian, gastric, colorectal, liver, lymphoma, lung	↑	NO	[64, 79, 80]
TP63	Tumour protein p63	P63	Q9H3D4	breast, prostate, vulvar, skin, bladder	↓	YES	[11, 81, 82]
TRMT12	TRNA Methyltransferase 12 Homologue	TYW2	Q53H54	breast, prostate, neck	↑	NO	[83, 84]
VPS13A	Vacuolar Protein Sorting 13 Homologue A	Chorein	Q96RL7	gastric, colorectal, ovarian, testis, prostate	↑	NO	[85,86,87]
VPS28	Vacuolar Protein Sorting Associated Protein 28 Homologue	ESCRT-I complex subunit VPS28	Q9UK41	breast, lung, liver, prostate	↑	NO	[88,89,90,91]

Protein symbol, alias and accession code are taken from UniProt. The arrows represent the upregulation (↑) and downregulation (↓) reported in PCa. Image (MRI) data stating ‘YES’ represents biomarkers where image data are already published in other studies, while ‘NO’ refers to image data not available in previous studies.

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Table 1 Summary of tissue biomarkers used in the study.

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