Fig. 4 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Fig. 4

From: Protein kinases in neurodegenerative diseases: current understandings and implications for drug discovery

Fig. 4

Typical non-RTKs activated signaling cascades. In addition to the conserved kinase domain, non-RTKs also have a variable number of protein domains (e.g., SH2 or SH3 domains responsible for binding to other signaling molecules). Typical non-RTKs consist of the Src family (including Src, Fyn, Lyn, Lck), the Abelson tyrosine kinase (Abl) family (including Abl1, Abl2), and the Janus kinase (JAK) family (including JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, TYK2). The Src-mediated Ras-Raf-MEK pathway leads to transcriptional regulation in the nucleus, impacting cellular functions. Simultaneously, Fyn activates cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), which modifies tau protein to facilitate microtubule remodeling. The activation of the JAK-STAT pathway allows STATs to translocate to the nucleus and directly regulate gene transcription. The regulation of non-RTK signal transduction pathways is closely related to synaptic function remodeling, neuronal excitability regulation, immune regulation, cell proliferation, etc. This figure was created with BioRender.com

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