Table 1 Demographics and descriptive data comparisons for the “no SMC” and SMC groups.

From: Memory complaints after COVID-19: a potential indicator of primary cognitive impairment or a correlate of psychiatric symptoms?

  

No SMC group

SMC group

Age (years)

N (total)

377

231

 

Mean ± SD

55.2 ± 14.4

54.9 ± 13.3

 

Min; max

18.7; 86.9

18.4; 87.4

  

p = 0.793a

Sex - n (%)

N (total)

377

231

 

Females

141 (37.4%)

146 (63.2%)

 

Males

236 (62.6%)

85 (36.8%)

  

χ2 = 38.266, p < 0.001*b

Self-reported race/ethnicity - n (%)

N (total)

376

230

 

Black

47 (12.5%)

41 (17.8%)

 

Mixed

144 (38.3%)

74 (32.2%)

 

White

170 (45.1%)

108 (47%)

 

Asian

5 (1.3%)

3 (1.3%)

 

Indigenous

4 (1.1%)

1 (0.4%)

 

Does not know/prefers not to answer

6 (1.6%)

3 (1.3%)

  

χ2 = 5.137, p = 0.399b

Educational level - n (%)c

N (total)

376

230

 

No formal education

17 (4.5%)

11 (4.8%)

 

Incomplete primary/elementary education

111 (29.5%)

71 (30.9%)

 

Complete primary/elementary education

38 (10.1%)

30 (13%)

 

Incomplete secondary education

26 (6.9%)

16 (7%)

 

Complete secondary education

110 (29.3%)

59 (25.7%)

 

Incomplete higher/university education

18 (4.8%)

16 (7%)

 

Complete higher/university education

36 (9.6%)

21 (9.1%)

 

Postgraduate education

20 (5.3%)

6 (2.6%)

  

χ2 = 5.54, p = 0.594b

Socioeconomic status - n (%)d

N (total)

373

226

 

Class A

15 (4%)

2 (0.9%)

 

Class B1

23 (6.2%)

14 (6.2%)

 

Class B2

72 (19.3%)

37 (16.4%)

 

Class C1

128 (34.3%)

66 (29.2%)

 

Class C2

108 (29%)

75 (33.2%)

 

Class D-E

27 (7.2%)

32 (14.2%)

  

χ2 = 14.347, p = 0.014*b

Body mass index

N (total)

377

231

 

Mean ± SD

32.4 ± 7.3

32.7 ± 7.5

 

Min; max

17.9; 71.7

17.7; 61.6

  

p = 0.458a

Charlson Comorbidity Index

N (total)

367

219

 

Mean ± SD

3.1 ± 1.9

3.1 ± 1.8

 

Min; max

1; 9

1; 11

  

p = 0.905a

WHO Clinical Progression Scale - n (%)e

N (total)

377

231

 

Group 1

42 (11.1%)

31 (13.4)

 

Group 2

163 (43.2%)

109 (47.2%)

 

Group 3

18 (4.8%)

7 (3%)

 

Group 4

154 (40.8)

84 (36.4%)

  

χ2 = 2.915, p = 0.405b

Length of inpatient stay (days)

N (total)

377

231

 

Mean ± SD

18.9 ± 20.6

16.1 ± 14.4

 

Min; max

1; 163

1; 99

  

p = 0.047*a

Number of days between discharge and follow-up

N (total)

377

231

 

Mean ± SD

209.8 ± 44.6

210.8 ± 42.8

 

Min; max

39; 349

92; 380

  

p = 0.787a

Post-COVID-19 Functional Status scale - n (%)f

N (total)

377

230

 

Grade 0

162 (43.0%)

31 (13.5%)

 

Grade 1

146 (38.7%)

90 (39.1%)

 

Grade 2

45 (11.9%)

61 (26.5%)

 

Grade 3

11 (2.9%)

35 (15.2%)

 

Grade 4

13 (3.4%)

13 (5.7%)

  

χ2 = 86.623, p < 0.001*b

  1. SMC subjective memory complaint, SD standard deviation, Min minimum, Max maximum.
  2. *Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05).
  3. aTwo-sided independent samples T-tests.
  4. bPearson’s Chi-square test.
  5. cPrimary/elementary education: first nine years of formal education in Brazil, conventionally beginning at about age 6; secondary education: three years of formal education for primary/elementary school graduates in Brazil, conventionally beginning at about age 15.
  6. dSix decreasing categories, assessed in accordance to current Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria [46]. Average Household Monthly Income for each category: A = R$ 21,826.74 or above (approx. US$ 4,034.51);
  7. B1 = R$ 10,361.48 (approx. US$ 1,915.24); B2 = R$ 5,755.23 (approx. US$ 1,063.81); C1 = R$3,276.76 (approx. US$ 605.68); C2 = R$ 1,965.87 (US$ 363.37); D-E = R$ 900.60 or below (approx. US$ 166.46).
  8. eWHO Clinical Progression Scale; Group 1: WHO 3-4 did not need oxygen during hospitalization; Group 2: WHO 5 supplemented oxygen by catheter or mask; Group 3: WHO 6 other non-invasive ventilatory support; Group 4: WHO 7-9 required invasive assistance [38].
  9. fPost-COVID-19 Functional Status scale [48, 49].
Back to article page