Fig. 2: Risperidone treatment reversed behavioral deficits in Clcn4 KO.

a Risperidone was administered according to a predetermined schedule for 2 weeks. Next, we tested whether the antipsychotic drug risperidone reversed cognitive impairment and ASD associated behavior in Clcn4 KO. b In Y-maze test, the spontaneous alternation was significantly decreased in Clcn4 KO compared with WT, and risperidone treated Clcn4 KO showed a significant improvement in the spontaneous alternation. c In passive avoidance test, the latency time for dark room avoidance was significantly decreased in Clcn4 KO compared with WT, and risperidone treated Clcn4 KO showed a significant improvement in the latency time for dark room avoidance. d In the social approach phase of three chamber test, all three group (WT, KO, KO+Ris) spent significantly more time in the NM chamber than in the NO chamber (left panel). After risperidone treatment, Clcn4 KO spent significantly more time in the NM-containing chamber than in the NO-containing chamber. In social novelty, WT mice tended to spend more time in the NM-containing chamber than in the FM-containing chamber (right panel). After risperidone treatment, Clcn4 KO spent significantly more time in the NM-containing chamber than in the FM-containing chamber. e The Clcn4 KO group showed a significant increase in marble burying behavior, which decreased after risperidone treatment. All data were analyzed by t-test or one-way ANOVA are presented as the mean ± SEM. (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.001).