Table 2 Effectiveness of interventions targeting MDD with NSSI/SIB.

From: Interventions for suicidal and self-injurious related behaviors in adolescents with psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Variables

Number of reports

Case

(n)

Control

(n)

RRs/SMD

(95% CI)

I2

(%)

Q

P

Classic

fail-safe N

Begg

(P)

Egger

(P)

Trim and fill

Adjusted value

RRs/SMD

(95% CI)

Antidepressant + CBT for NSSI

            

No-treatment control

            

Depressive symptom score

4

104

88

−1.467 (−2.492, −0.442)

88.39

25.83

<0.001

75

0.174

0.414

0

−1.467 (−2.492, −0.442)

Anxiety symptom score

4

104

88

−2.101 (−3.869, −0.333)

95.18

62.18

<0.001

101

1.000

0.692

0

−2.101 (−3.869, −0.333)

Active control

            

Depressive symptom scorea

4

62

57

−0.943 (−1.414, −0.472)

33.38

4.50

0.212

21

0.497

0.769

0

−0.939 (−1.322, −0.555)

Depressive symptom scoreb

4

62

57

−0.905 (−1.361, −0.450)

29.44

4.25

0.236

19

0.497

0.784

0

−0.905 (−1.361, −0.450)

Anxiety symptom scorea

4

62

57

−0.942 (−1.323, −0.560)

0

1.90

0.592

21

0.174

0.354

1

−1.068 (−1.402, −0.735)

Anxiety symptom scoreb

4

62

57

−0.971 (−1.354, −0.589)

0

1.91

0.592

23

0.497

0.363

0

−0.971 (−1.354, −0.589)

Emotion regulation score

2

35

30

−0.832 (−1.342, −0.322)

0

0.05

0.820

-

-

-

-

-

Antiepileptic + Antipsychotic for NSSI

            

No-treatment control

            

Depressive symptom score

3

137

138

−1.587 (−2.505, −0.670)

90.45

20.94

<0.001

77

0.117

0.132

0

−1.587 (−2.505, −0.670)

Anxiety symptom score

3

137

138

−1.925 (−2.700, −1.150)

85.23

13.54

0.001

120

0.117

0.484

0

−1.925 (−2.700, −1.150)

Effective rate

3

137

138

1.204 (1.084, 1.338)

0

0.42

0.810

7

0.117

0.037

2

1.167 (1.069, 1.273)

Impulsivity score

2

112

113

−2.439 (−2.784, −2.094)

0

<0.001

0.989

-

-

-

-

-

Self-injury behavior score

2

112

113

−2.466 (−3.305, −1.628)

88.36

5.67

0.017

-

-

-

-

-

Adverse drug reaction

            

Nausea/vomiting

3

137

138

1.194 (0.357, 3.992)

0

0.81

0.668

0

0.117

0.018

0

1.194 (0.357, 3.992)

Dizziness/faintness

3

137

138

0.864 (0.292, 2.556)

0

0.70

0.704

0

0.602

0.636

0

0.864 (0.292, 2.556)

Xerostomia

3

137

138

1.043 (0.352, 3.092)

0

0.63

0.729

0

0.117

0.059

2

1.359 (0.549, 3.364)

Drowsiness/fatigue

2

77

78

1.150 (0.281, 4.713)

46.68

1.88

0.171

-

-

-

-

-

Increased BMI

2

112

113

1.217 (0.382, 3.870)

0

0.06

0.803

-

-

-

-

-

ISP + RBI for SIB

            

No-treatment control

            

Depressive symptom score

2

99

99

−1.647 (−2.474, −0.820)

81.10

5.29

0.021

-

-

-

-

-

  1. Effective rate: defined as the clinical effectiveness of interventions for adolescents with MDD and co-occurring NSSI;
  2. CBT cognitive behavioral therapy, GAD-7 generalized anxiety disorder scale-7, HAMA hamilton anxiety scale, HAMD hamilton depression scale, ISP intensive service provision, MADRS montgomery-asberg depression rating scale, NSSI non-suicidal self-injury, PHQ-9 patient health questionnaire-9, RBI relationship-based intervention, SIB self-injury behavior;
  3. Anxiety symptom scorea: Peng HZ assessed anxiety symptoms by HAMA-14 [85]; Anxiety symptom scoreb: Peng HZ assessed anxiety symptoms by GAD-7 [85];
  4. Depressive symptom scorea: Peng HZ assessed depressive symptoms by HAMD-24 [85]; Depressive symptoms scoreb: Peng HZ assessed depressive symptoms by PHQ-9 [85].
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