Fig. 1: Transposable elements in the human genome.
From: Transposable elements as genome regulators in normal and malignant haematopoiesis
TEs occupy 46% of the human genome based on the the telomere-to-telomere (T2T) CHM13 reference genome annotation (left). TEs are divided into two major classes based on their transposition mechanism- Class I TEs (retrotransposons) use copy-and-paste mechanism and are further subdivided into long terminal repeat (LTR), long interspersed nuclear element (LINE) and short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) superfamilies. LINE-1s are the only autonomous transposons currently active in the human genome. Class II TEs (DNA transposons) use cut-and-paste mechanism to integrate into the genome, however they have lost their ability for transposition in the human genome (right). Created in BioRender.
