Fig. 3: GLUL regulates HBP metabolism and affects UDP-GlcNAc generation.

A Heatmap of metabolomic assays of the BMSCs from Glul^Prx1 and Glul^fl/fl mice (n = 6). B Schematic diagram of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. C Heatmap of the proteomics analysis of BMSCs from Glul^Prx1 and Glul^fl/fl mice (n = 3). D Western blotting analysis of O-GlcNAcylation levels in BMSCs from Glul^Prx1 and Glul^fl/fl mice at different osteogenic differentiation timepoints. The numbers on the line graph represent the P -values comparing the relative protein expression levels between the two groups. E Western blotting analysis of UAP1 expression in BMSCs from Glul^Prx1 and Glul^fl/fl mice at different osteogenic differentiation timepoints. The numbers on the line graph represent the P -values comparing the relative UAP1 expression levels between the two groups. F Western blotting analysis of UAP1 expression in BMSCs from patients in the SOP group (n = 6) and the control group (n = 7). G Western blotting analysis of OGT levels in BMSCs from Glul^Prx1 and Glul^fl/fl mice at different osteogenic differentiation timepoints. H Representative images of ARS and ALP staining of BMSCs from Glul^Prx1 and Glul^fl/fl mice after transfection with the UAP1 overexpression or control plasmid. **P < 0.01 vs. other groups; *P < 0.05 vs. other groups.