Fig. 1: The main molecular mechanism of mitophagy. | Cell Death Discovery

Fig. 1: The main molecular mechanism of mitophagy.

From: Mitophagy: insights into its signaling molecules, biological functions, and therapeutic potential in breast cancer

Fig. 1

The PINK1/Parkin-driven mitophagy is the most extensively analyzed pathway. When PINK1 is stabilized and activated on the OMM, it phosphorylates ubiquitin at serine 65 and Parkin within its ubiquitin-like domain. Subsequently, autophagy receptor proteins recognize phosphorylated Ub chains and initiate autophagosome biogenesis machinery through binding with LC3. Moreover, mitochondrial surface proteins, such as BNIP3, BNIP3L, FUNDC1, and other autophagy receptor proteins, can interact directly with LC3, thus facilitating non-ubiquitin-dependent mitophagy. Additionally, certain lipids, including cardiolipin and ceramide, can also interact with LC3 and mediate lipid-dependent mitophagy. Created with BioRender.com.

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