Table 1 Characteristics of the overall population (n = 85), and according to low muscle mass and myosteatosis.

From: Impact of low muscle mass and myosteatosis on treatment toxicity and survival outcomes in non-resectable pancreatic cancer patients treated with chemoradiotherapy

Variable

Class

Total (n = 85)

Muscle mass

Muscle density

Normal (n = 10)

Lowa (n = 75)

p-value

Normal (n = 63)

Myosteatosisb (n = 18)

p-value

Center, n (%)

Nice

29 (34.1)

3 (30.0)

26 (34.7)

1.000

23 (36.5)

2 (11.1)

0.046

Reims

56 (65.9)

7 (70.0)

49 (65.3)

 

40 (63.5)

16 (88.9)

 

Sexe, n (%)

Female

52 (61.2)

7 (70.0)

45 (60.0)

0.734

39 (61.9)

11 (61.1)

1.000

Male

33 (38.8)

3 (30.0)

30 (40.0)

 

24 (38.1)

7 (38.9)

 

Age, median (IQR) (years)

 

68.9 (60.2–73.7)

57.8 (54.8–63.5)

69.2 (62.9–74.9)

0.005

68.9 (60.2–73.6)

65.5 (59.6–74.8)

0.768

ECOG PS, n (%)

0

28 (35.0)

6 (60.0)

22 (31.4)

0.215

22 (36.1)

6 (33.3)

0.424

1

48 (60.0)

4 (40.0)

44 (62.9)

 

37 (60.7)

10 (55.6)

 

2

4 (5.0)

0 (0.0)

4 (5.7)

 

2 (3.3)

2 (11.1)

 

BMI, median (IQR) (kg/m²)

 

23.6 (20.7–26.9)

27.3 (25.7–28.2)

23.0 (20.6–26.2)

0.009

24.0 (21.1–26.9)

22.8 (20.9–24.0)

0.536

Albumin, median (IQR) (g/L)c

 

39.6 (37.4–42.7)

39.5 (36.8–42.2)

39.6 (37.4–42.6)

0.975

39.5 (37.4–43.1)

40.5 (37.4–42.5)

0.777

CRP, median (IQR) (mg/L)c

 

4.0 (1.5–8.5)

42.0 (42.0–42.0)

3.7 (1.4–8.0)

0.111

4.0 (1.5–7.8)

3.0 (1.0–12.0)

0.684

Plasma uracil rate, median (IQR) (ng/mL)

 

8.0 (6.7–10.4)

7.1 (6.4–7.6)

8.4 (6.8–10.9)

0.169

8.0 (6.5–9.0)

9.6 (7.6–11.7)

0.201

CA19.9 at CRT initiation, median (IQR) (ng/mL)c

 

60.0 (22.0–312.0)

27.0 (15.5–38.5)

63.0 (22.5–330.5)

0.312

51 (22.2–339.8)

128 (46–230)

0.839

Resectability according to NCCN criteria, n (%)

Borderline

29 (34.1)

2 (20.0)

27 (36.0)

0.483

17 (27.0)

11 (61.1)

0.011

LAPC

53 (62.4)

8 (80.0)

45 (60.0)

0.307

43 (68.3)

7 (38.9)

0.030

Oligometastatic

3 (3.5)

MD

MD

MD

MD

MD

MD

Induction chemotherapy, n (%)

 

82 (98.8)

10 (100.0)

72 (98.6)

1.000

60 (98.4)

18 (100.0)

1.000

Type of induction chemotherapy, n (%)

Folfirinox

68 (81.9)

8 (80.0)

60 (82.2)

1.000

52 (85.2)

13 (72.2)

0.290

Gemcitabine

17 (20.5)

2 (20.0)

15 (20.5)

1.000

10 (16.4)

6 (33.3)

0.179

Concomitant chemotherapy, n (%)

Capecitabine

78 (91.8)

10 (100.0)

68 (90.7)

0.592

59 (93.7)

16 (88.9)

0.610

LV5FU2

7 (8.2)

0 (0.0)

7 (9.3)

 

4 (6.3)

2 (11.1)

 

Performed RT sessions, median (IQR)

 

30.0 (28.0–30.0)

29.0 (28.0–30.0)

30.0 (28.0–30.0)

0.865

30.0 (28.0–30.0)

30.0 (28.0–30.0)

0.296

Received dose, median (IQR) (Gray)

 

54.0 (50.4–54.0)

52.2 (50.4–54.0)

54.0 (50.4–54.0)

0.751

54.0 (50.4–54.0)

54.0 (50.4–54.0)

0.303

Total muscle area, median (IQR) (cm²)

 

88.0 (74.0–112.0)

141.0 (111.2–150.8)

84.0 (73.5–106.5)

<0.001

90.0 (75.0–115.0)

84.5 (69.8–92.8)

0.118

Skeletal muscle index, median (IQR) (cm²/m²)

 

33.1 (27.8–38.3)

48.0 (41.3–53.9)

31.8 (27.7–35.2)

<0.001

33.6 (28.7–40.8)

30.1 (26.9–34.2)

0.038

Psoas muscle density, median (IQR) (HU)

 

44.0 (38.0–47.5)

46.5 (41.2–47.5)

43.5 (38.0–47.2)

0.486

46.5 (42.5–48.0)

36.0 (32.1–38.0)

<0.001

Total psoas index, median (IQR) (cm²/m²)

 

3.8 (3.2–4.6)

6.3 (4.4–7.4)

3.7 (3.2–4.4)

<0.001

4.1 (3.4–5.0)

3.4 (3.1–3.7)

0.004

HUAC, median (IQR) (HU)

 

22.0 (19.0–23.8)

23.3 (20.7–23.8)

21.7 (18.9–23.6)

0.465

23.2 (21.2–24.1)

17.9 (16.0–19.1)

<0.001

Indexed psoas density, median (IQR)

 

0.5 (0.3–1.0)

0.3 (0.3–1.1)

0.5 (0.3–1.0)

0.567

0.5 (0.3–1.1)

0.3 (0.3–0.6)

0.001

  1. BMI body mass index, CA19.9 carbohydrate antigen 19.9, CRP C-reactive protein, CRT chemoradiotherapy, ECOG PS Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, HU Hounsfield Unit, HUAC Hounsfield Unit Average Calculation, IQR Interquartile range, LAPC locally advanced pancreatic cancer, RT radiotherapy, SD standard derivation.
  2. aLow muscle mass was defined as SMI < 38.5 cm²/m² for women and <52.4 cm²/m² for men.
  3. bMyosteatosis was defined as mean PMD < 41 HU if BMI < 25 and <33 HU if BMI > 25; four data were missing due to missing BMI.
  4. cMissing data >5% for these variables: albumin (46 missing data), CRP (48 missing data), CA19-9 (36 missing data).
  5. Bold data show statistically significant results.
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