Table 1 Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and kappa agreement of EyeArt for detection of any varying degrees of DR with ophthalmologist grading as reference standard

Any DR

95.8

(92.9, 98.7)

80.2

(72.6, 87.8)

89.7

(85.5, 93.8)

91.4

(85.7, 97.1)

0.78

(0.71, 0.86)

<0.001

DME

97

(91.5, 99.4)

75.8

(69.7, 81.8)

67.4

(59.7, 75.0)

98.0

(94.3, 99.6)

0.66

(0.58, 0.74)

<0.001

PDR

78.1

(63.8, 83.3)

89.8

(86.1, 93.4)

48.1

(34.5, 61.7)

97.1

(95.0, 99.2)

0.53

(0.4, 0.67)

<0.001

STDR

99.1

(95.1, 99.9)

80.4

(73.9, 85.9)

75.3

(68.4, 82.3)

99.3

(96.3, 100)

0.75

(0.67, 0.83)

<0.001

RDR

99.3

(96.1, 99.9)

68.8

(61.5, 76.2)

74.6

(68.4, 80.8)

99.1

(97.2, 100)

0.67

(0.59, 0.75)

<0.001