Abstract
Objectives
To comprehensively analyse the tear cytokine levels of patients with extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (EMZL) of the ocular adnexa (OA), and the association with clinical characteristics.
Methods
Tear cytokine concentrations of 21 OA-EMZL patients and 14 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were measured using a 27-multiplex bead analysis on a Luminex system. Tear break-up time, corneal fluorescent staining and other clinical and demographic data were collected as well. The diagnosis of OA-EMZL was established based on the incisional biopsy and histopathology.
Results
The concentrations of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) and IL-8, and the ratio of IL-1RA/IL-1β were significantly increased in OA-EMZL tear samples (all P < 0.05), while the levels of three cytokines (FGF-2, IL-2 and IL-4), as well as IL-10/IL-6 ratio were significantly decreased (all P < 0.05). The American Joint Committee on Cancer Tumour stage was significantly associated with tear concentrations of FGF-2 (r = −0.44, P = 0.043), GM-CSF (r = −0.49, P = 0.025) and IL-2 (r = −0.45, P = 0.042), while lacrimal gland lymphoma invasion was related to levels of IL-8 (r = 0.53, P = 0.012), FGF-2 (r = −0.43, P = 0.049) and IL-10/IL-6 ratio (r = −0.48, P = 0.026). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed moderate diagnostic accuracy of these indices in differentiating OA-EMZL from normal eyes (area under ROC: 0.69–0.74).
Conclusions
Multiple tear cytokines were significantly dysregulated in OA-EMZL patients. These cytokines could potentially serve as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in future.
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Acknowledgements
We thank all patients involved in this study. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81670887, 81870689, 81700820), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (2017A030313613, 2016A030310230) and the Pearl River Nova Programme of Guangzhou (201806010167).
Funding
This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81670887, 81870689, 81700820, 81600751), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (2017A030313613, 2016A030310230) and the Pearl River Nova Program of Guangzhou (201806010167).
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Conceptualization: WX, XC and HY. Data curation: WX and YM. Formal analysis: WX and XJ. Investigation: JC, HY and XJ. Methodology: XJ and SY. Project administration: HY. Supervision: YM and HY. Validation: XJ. Visualization: WX. Writing—original draft: WX and XC. Writing—review and editing: SY, YM and HY.
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Xiao, W., Chen, J., Ye, H. et al. Tear cytokine profiles in patients with extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the ocular adnexa. Eye 36, 1396–1402 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-021-01650-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-021-01650-7
