Fig. 4
From: The WNK signaling pathway and salt-sensitive hypertension
(Patho-)physiological regulation of the with-no-lysine kinase (WNK)–oxidative stress-responsive gene 1 (OSR1)/STE20-related proline/alanine-rich kinase (SPAK)–sodium chloride cotransporter (NCC) phosphorylation cascade. Sodium intake regulates the WNK signaling pathway by modulating angiotensin II/aldosterone. The WNK signaling pathway is involved in salt-sensitive hypertension associated with low potassium intake, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic syndrome. Corresponding regulators are low intracellular chloride concentration (due to hyperpolarized membrane potential), TNFα, and insulin
