Table 2 Baseline characteristics and treatment status by hypertension subtypes at the first check-up

From: Blood pressure control and treatment status at 1 year after the first health check-up in individuals with observed referral-level blood pressure

Variables

Isolated grade II or severer systolic hypertension (n = 13,081)

Isolated grade II or severer diastolic hypertension (n = 30,745)

Grade II or severer systolic and diastolic hypertension (n = 19,959)

P-value

Age (years)

55 (48–61)

48 (43–53)

50 (44–56)

<0.001

Sex, men, n (%)

7579 (57.9)

25,537 (83.1)

14,888 (74.6)

<0.001

Body mass index (kg/m2)

24.1 (21.7–27.2)

25.2 (22.8–28.2)

25.7 (23.0–29.1)

<0.001

Obesity, n (%)

5430 (41.5)

16,235 (52.8)

11,343 (56.8)

<0.001

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

164 (162–170)

149 (143–154)

169 (164–178)

<0.001

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

93 (88–96)

103 (101–106)

108 (104–114)

<0.001

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

1538 (11.8)

2055 (6.7)

2177 (10.9)

<0.001

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

7522 (57.5)

18,748 (61.0)

12,384 (62.0)

<0.001

Cigarette smoking, n (%)

3453 (26.4)

10,039 (32.7)

6425 (32.2)

<0.001

Alcohol consumption, n (%)

4409 (33.7)

11,759 (38.2)

7323 (36.7)

<0.001

Physical inactivity, n (%)

6784 (51.9)

17,484 (56.9)

11,255 (56.4)

<0.001

Poor sleep quality, n (%)

4706 (36.0)

12,097 (39.3)

7734 (38.7)

<0.001

Skipping breakfast ≥3 times per week, n (%)

2878 (22.0)

9005 (29.3)

5804 (29.1)

<0.001

Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)

99 (91–109)

97 (90–105)

99 (91–109)

<0.001

Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (mg/dL)

131 (109–154)

131 (110–153)

133 (111–156)

<0.001

High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(mg/dL)

62 (51–75)

56 (47–68)

57 (48–70)

<0.001

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

100 (70–152)

119 (81–179)

118 (81–179)

<0.001

Antihypertensive prescriptions within 3 months after undergoing a health checkup, n (%)

1907 (14.6)

3867 (12.6)

4822 (24.2)

<0.001

Grade II or severer hypertension at 1 year after the first check-up, n (%)

5065 (38.7)

12,500 (40.7)

11,365 (56.9)

<0.001

Antihypertensive prescriptions at 1 year after the first check-up, n (%)

2774 (21.2)

5897 (19.2)

6386 (32.0)

<0.001

Systolic blood pressure at 1 year after the first check-up (mmHg)

152 (140–164)

144 (134–154)

156 (141–170)

<0.001

Diastolic blood pressure at 1 year after the first check-up (mmHg)

90 (82–96)

97 (89–103)

99 (90–108)

<0.001

  1. Data are expressed as median (interquartile range) or number (percentage). P values were calculated using the Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables. We obtained the medication prescriptions for hypertension (WHO-ATC codes starting with C02, C03, C04, C07, C08, or C09), dyslipidemia (WHO-ATC codes starting with C10), and hyperglycemia (WHO-ATC codes starting with A10), from the claims data after the health checkup. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. Diabetes was defined as fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL or use of glucose-lowering medications. Dyslipidemia was defined as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥140 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol <40 mg/dL, triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL, or use of lipid-lowering medication
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