Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics for men ≥18 before and after propensity score matching.

Age at Index (Mean ± SD)

53.4 ± 15.7

50.3 ± 15.2

0.20125

53.3 ± 15.7

52.9 ± 15.3

0.02315

Age at Index (18–24 years)

11,750

29,052

0.04875

11,739

11648

0.00168

Age at Index (25–33 years)

22,613

58,092

0.08258

22,594

22,582

0.00016

Age at Index (34–44 years)

42,828

100,534

0.07480

42,750

42,956

0.00212

Age at Index (45–54 years)

54,439

117,981

0.04304

54229

54,525

0.00278

Age at Index (55–64 years)

62,080

121,469

0.01075

61,648

61,882

0.00210

Age at Index (>65 years)

72,106

103,278

0.18182

70,597

69,964

0.00543

White

188,820

380,605

0.01600

187,289

187,014

0.00230

Not Hispanic or Latino

185,847

363,657

0.02933

183,950

183,751

0.00164

Black or African American

32,678

57,199

0.04726

32,181

32178

0.00003

BMI (Mean ± SD)

30.5 ± 6.2

28.6 ± 5.3

0.33901

30.3 ± 6.1

30.2 ± 5.9

0.02350

BMI ( < 18.5 kg/m2)

1365

2180

0.01511

1324

1297

0.00146

BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m2)

12,273

33,456

0.07444

12,244

11,848

0.00719

BMI (25–29.9 kg/m2)

25,228

57,823

0.04664

25,115

24,947

0.00217

BMI (30–34.9 kg/m2)

20701

33,089

0.06070

20,259

20,716

0.00648

BMI (35–39.9 kg/m2)

10570

12,063

0.09794

9807

10,144

0.00670

BMI ( > 40 kg/m2)

5985

5158

0.10170

5209

5039

0.00467

Essential hypertension

59950

33,089

0.12514

58,238

59,019

0.00713

Diabetes mellitus

30880

93,100

0.14368

29,427

29,907

0.00576

Coronary artery disease

13527

18,357

0.08054

12,802

12,762

0.00071

Chronic kidney disease

10220

12,181

0.08983

9469

9511

0.00086

Heart failure

6361

6469

0.08819

5649

5475

0.00459

Gout

4797

6243

0.05181

4514

4548

0.00099

Cerebral infarction

2129

2730

0.03541

2002

1967

0.00154

Acute myocardial infarction

1811

2081

0.03955

1659

1543

0.00566

Pulmonary embolism

1674

1830

0.04089

1523

1451

0.00365

Acute deep vein thrombosis

1575

1720

0.03972

1424

1380

0.00230

Hyperparathyroidism and other disorders of parathyroid gland

668

1124

0.00819

646

648

0.00015

Crohn’s disease

643

1400

0.00439

637

617

0.00156

Bariatric surgery status

401

978

0.00820

398

382

0.00158

Family history of disorders of kidney and ureter

62

84

0.00535

57

52

0.00132

Hydrochlorothiazide

14707

21,789

0.06655

14,259

14,450

0.00319

Furosemide

9589

9124

0.11740

8505

8254

0.00543

Chlorthalidone

1542

2140

0.02525

1474

1466

0.00041

Topiramate

926

1582

0.00883

903

895

0.00052

Acetazolamide

387

489

0.01550

357

311

0.00491