Fig. 4: The evolutionary trajectory of Tof4b.

a Summary of Tof4b haplotypes based on polymorphisms in the promoter and coding region. Dark blue represents a deletion in the promoter or coding sequence. b Haplotype origins of Tof4b. Grey represents wild soybean accessions, green represents landraces, blue represents improved cultivars. Triangles represent mutations that lead to weakened or loss of function. H1–H4 correspond to the haplotypes described in (a). c Allelic distribution of Tof4b in wild soybeans, landraces and cultivars in China according to region of origin. d Comparison of FST values for chromosome 4 from cultivated soybean with Tof4b vs cultivated soybean with tof4b-1/2, and cultivated soybean with tof4b-1/2 vs wild soybean with tof4b-1. The red arrow represents the location of Tof4b. e High-confidence mutations on chromosome 4 for wild soybeans, landraces and cultivars. Coloured cells represent SNPs or indels based on comparison with the Wm82 reference genome. The y-axis indicates six subgroups. The orange lines correspond to the introgression segment.