Fig. 5: Synergistic mechanism for photocatalytic reduction and oxidation reactions.

a Photocatalytic H2O2 production using CN-I/I3 with different reaction gases, electron capture agent (K2Cr2O7), and •O2- scavenger (p-BQ). b EPR signals of superoxide radicals for CN and CN-I/I3. c EPR signals of free charges for CN-I/I3. d, e, f In situ FT-IR spectra of CN-I/I3 under different reaction conditions and corresponding peak intensity changes with the light irradiation time. g Quasi-in situ cyclic voltammetry curves of CN and CN-I/I3. h, i Polarization curves (h), corresponding H2O2 selectivity, and average electron transfer number (i) for CN, CN-I, and CN-I/I3.