Fig. 6: In vitro ICD mediated by complex 4. | Nature Communications

Fig. 6: In vitro ICD mediated by complex 4.

From: Strategically engineered Au(I) complexes for orchestrated tumor eradication via chemo-phototherapy and induced immunogenic cell death

Fig. 6

a Confocal imaging of 4T1 cells stained with complex 4 (3 μM) under continuous 488 nm laser scanning for 0–30 scans. λex = 488 nm; λem = 600–700 nm. Scale bar = 5 μm. b Immunofluorescence images showing CRT exposure in 4T1 cells treated with different ways for 24 h. The administration concentration of complex 4 is 3 μM. Scale bar = 50 μm. c Extracellular ATP levels of 4T1 cells treated with different ways by an ATP luminescence test kit (n = 3). The concentration of complex 4 is 3 μM. d Detection of ER stress-related proteins in 4T1 cells and culture supernatant after treatment. e Complex 4 induced ER stress and enhanced the release of tumor cell DAMPs under light exposure. DAMPs include CRT translocation, ATP secretion, and HMGB1 release, among others. n = 3 independent experiments. The statistical analyses were conducted using GraphPad Prism 9.0.0. All data were presented as mean ± SD. The outcomes were compared via one-way ANOVA (with Tukey’s post hoc correction for multiple comparisons).

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