Fig. 5: Durability of the CuNa-CF catalyst in rechargeable zinc-air batteries.

a Discharge/charge cycling curves of CuNa-CF air cathode liquid-state zinc-air battery (ZAB). b Schematic illustration of the flexible solid-state ZAB. c Cycling stability of flexible solid-state ZAB with CuNa-CF membrane as the air cathode, and the insets are digital photos of the flexible solid-state ZAB in various states (flat/bent/revert flat). d Simplified schematic of the button-type all-solid-state ZAB. e Operating stability of button-type all-solid-state ZAB using CuNa-CF membrane as the air cathode.