Fig. 6: Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic tree inferred for 3661 H3 hemagglutinin gene sequences of influenza A viruses collected worldwide from 1973 to 2023, and including the two H3v obtained in this study, A/Parana/44707/2021(H3N2)v (Case 4) and A/Parana/51528/2021(H3N2)v (Case 5).
From: Zoonotic transmission of novel Influenza A variant viruses detected in Brazil during 2020 to 2023
Swine sequences isolated in Brazil contains the state of isolation within its names (Brazil_MG = Minas Gerais, Brazil_MS = Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil_PR = Paraná, Brazil_RS = Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil_SC = Santa Catarina, Brazil_SP = São Paulo). Branches are colored by host and cases are color-coded according to the figure key. The tree is midpoint rooted for clarity, and all branch lengths are drawn to scale representing nucleotide substitutions per site. Black-circles at the internal nodes identify clades supported by SH-aLRT > 80% and/or UFB > 95%. A Phylogenetic tree showing the major clade of H3 viruses that circulate in swine in Brazil (H3 1990.5). The swine-to-human introduction is highlighted by a gray-shaded form. B Topology details of the H3 Brazilian clade and subclades (1990.5.1, 1990.5.2, and 1990.5.3), with emphasis on the variant viruses.
