Fig. 1: The role of ROS homeostasis in regulating food digestion.

a Developmental progression of synchronized WT, prdx-2(gk169), ctl-1(ok1242), ctl-2(ok1137), ctl-3(ok2042), sod-3(tm760) L1 animals grown on HK-E. coli + SS bacteria for 96 h at 20°C. Obtained p values (from L4 stage) were as follows: WT vs prdx-2(gk169); p = 0.004. WT vs ctl-1(ok1242); p = 0.0001. WT vs ctl-2(ok1137); p = 0.003. WT vs ctl-3(ok2042); p = 0.003. WT vs sod-3 (tm760); p = 0.01. b Developmental progression of different synchronized WT, prdx-2(gk169), ctl-1(ok1242), ctl-2(ok1137), ctl-3(ok2042), sod-3(tm760) L1 animals grown on HK-E. coli + SS bacteria supplemented with 50 mM NAC for 96 h at 20°C. Obtained p values (from L4 stage) were as follows: WT vs prdx-2(gk169); p = 0.06. WT vs ctl-1(ok1242); p = 0.01. WT vs ctl-2(ok1137); p = 0.29. WT vs ctl-3(ok2042); p = 0.09. WT vs sod-3 (tm760); p = 0.05. c Developmental progression of WT synchronized L1 animals grown on HK-E. coli + SS bacteria supplemented with 0.1 mM, 1 mM H₂O₂ for 96 h at 20°C. Obtained p values (from L2 stage) were as follows: Control vs 0.1 mM H₂O₂; p = 0.0001. Control vs 1 mM H₂O₂; p = 0.04. d Representative microscope images and quantitative analysis of MitoTracker^TM Red CMXRos fluorescent in WT animals after grown on E. coli OP50, HK-E. coli + SS, SS for 24 h. Obtained p-values were as follows: OP50 vs HK-E. coli + SS; p = 0.005. OP50 vs SS; p < 0.0001. See more detail method in the methods section. For all panels, n = the number of worms. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. All statistical analyses were preformed using unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; n.s., not significant. All experiments were performed independently at least three times. Source data are provided. as a Source Data file. See also Supplementary Figs. 1, 2.