Fig. 8: Scalable expansion and enhanced adipogenesis of pre-adipocytes on isotropic loofah scaffold.
From: Growing meat on autoclaved vegetables with biomimetic stiffness and micro-patterns
a Schematic representation of scalable adipose engineering using autoclaved vegetable scaffolds with isotropic topography. Autoclaved loofah slices were introduced in spinner flask bioreactors along with pre-adipocytes. Cells were allowed to proliferate for 5 days before induction of adipogenic differentiation. b, c Representative SEM image (b, n = three independent experiments) and pore size characterization of loofah scaffold. Scale bar = 50 μm. d–f Representative Live and Dead image (d, n = three independent experiments), cell alignment angle distribution (e) and aspect ratio (f) of 3T3L1 pre-adipocytes cultured on loofah scaffolds. Scale bar = 100 μm. AR, aspect ratio. g Growth and viability curves of proliferating 3T3L1 cells on loofah scaffolds at a spinning rate of 7 rpm. n = three independent experiments. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. h Relative mRNA expression (n = three independent experiments) of adipogenic genes in Dif D10 3T3L1 cells on loofah scaffolds. Results were normalized to measurements of GAPDH. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. Student’s two-tailed t-test, unpaired and no multiple testing correction between samples. (i) Representative fluorescent staining (n = three independent experiments) of lipid droplets in differentiated 3T3L1 cells on autoclaved loofah scaffolds. Scale bar = 50 μm. Panel (a) was, in part, created with BioRender. Lab, D. (2024) https://BioRender.com/z27v304.
