Fig. 2: Electrochemical properties of TPP-TEMPO.
From: Adjusting Hirshfeld charge of TEMPO catholytes for stable all-organic aqueous redox flow batteries
a Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of TPP-TEMPO, TMA-TEMPO, and BTMAP-Vi (at 10 mM) in 1 M NaCl solution at a scan rate of 100 mV s−1. b Schematic of an all-organic AORFB assembled with TPP-TEMPO (or TMA-TEMPO) and excess BTMAP-Vi. c Galvanostatic cycling of flow cells assembled with 5 mL of 0.1 M TPP-TEMPO (or TMA-TEMPO) and 7.5 mL of 0.1 M BTMAP-Vi in 1 M NaCl solution at 20 mA cm−2, with voltage cutoffs at 0.5 V during discharge and 1.4 V (or 1.6 V for the TMA-TEMPO-based cell) during charge, and a potentiostatic hold was applied at the end of discharge process (until current drops below 4 mA cm−2). The rotational speed of the peristaltic pump is 60 rpm. Insets: the discharge curves of TPP-TEMPO and TMA-TEMPO at the 300th cycle. The voltage is not iR corrected. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
