Fig. 3: The degradation analysis for TEMPO derivatives during long-term battery testing.
From: Adjusting Hirshfeld charge of TEMPO catholytes for stable all-organic aqueous redox flow batteries
a The capacity fade rates of these TEMPO derivatives, that of TPP-TEMPO, TMAAcNH-TEMPO (under identical conditions to TMAP-TEMPO), and TMA-TEMPO were measured in this work, while that of TMAP-TEMPO was reported by our group before45,49. b The 1H NMR spectra of TPP-TEMPO and TMA-TEMPO before and after cell cycling. Peaks from byproducts are marked with triangles. The proposed decomposition pathways for c TMA-TEMPO and d TPP-TEMPO. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
