Fig. 1: Methionine is essential for YAP–TEAD activation and YAP R124me2a.

a, b The relative luciferase activity of YAP-TEAD, Wnt, TGF-β, NF-κB, and Hedgehog signaling pathways in Huh-7 cells (a) and HCT 116 cells (b) cultured in completed medium (CM) or methionine-deprived medium (MD) for 48 h. c, d The level of YAP R124 methylation in Huh-7 cells (c) and HCT 116 cells (d) cultured in MD for 72 h. The data represents the relative ratio of YAP R124me2a to YAP. The red arrow indicates the brand of YAP R124me2a. e, f The transcriptional expression of YAP, CTGF, CYR61, and AREG in Huh-7 cells (e) and HCT 116 cells (f) cultured in MD and supplemented with methionine for 72 h. g The S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) concentration in Huh-7 cells cultured in MD and supplemented with SAM (50 μM) was detected by UPLC-MS/MS. h, i The level of YAP R124me2a in Huh-7 cells (h) and HCT 116 cells (i) cultured in MD for 24 h and then supplemented with SAM (50 μM) for another 24 h. The data represents the relative ratio of YAP R124me2a to YAP. j, k The transcriptional expression of YAP, CTGF, CYR61, and AREG in Huh-7 cells (j) and HCT 116 cells (k) cultured in MD for 24 h and then supplemented with SAM (50 μM) for 36 h. l The level of YAP R124me2a in Huh-7 cells transfected with si-PRMT1 and cultured in MD for 48 h. The data represents the relative ratio of YAP R124me2a to YAP and PRMT1 to GAPDH. m The viability of Huh-7 cells transfected with si-PRMT1 and cultured in MD for 6 days. Statistical analyses were performed using two-sided unpaired Student’s t-test (a, b), one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons (e–g, j, k), or two-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons (m). Data were presented as mean ± SD. n = 3 biologically independent samples (a, b, e–g, j, k, m). The data presented in (c, d, h, i) are representative of three independent experiments, and those in (l) are representative of two independent experiments. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.