Fig. 8: GPX4 palmitoylation and depalmitoylation regulate ferroptosis.

a, b Orthotopic xenograft tumors by transplanting RKO cells into the cecum of nude mice, treated with 2-BP (20 mg/kg, ip, every three days) and a combination of 2-BP and Lip-1 (20 mg/kg, ip, every three days). Representative image of distal metastatic tumors (a) and quantitative analysis of metastatic tumor numbers (b). n = 8 individual mice. Scale bar, 500 μm. c, d Nude mice pre-treated with 2-BP (20 mg/kg, ip, daily) and a combination of 2-BP and Lip-1 (20 mg/kg, ip, daily) for 3 days, followed by tail vein injection of 2 million A375-GFP cells and continued treatment for one week. Observation for lung metastatic tumor development three weeks later. Representative image of lung metastatic tumors (c) and quantitative analysis of metastatic tumor numbers (d). n = 6 individual mice. Scale bar, 500 μm. e C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with ML349 (5 mg/kg) and Lip-1 (10 mg/kg) one hour before the induction of liver injury by ischemia-reperfusion. Representative images of the livers under different treatments, as well as the corresponding hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining of the livers and immunohistochemical staining for MDA from liver tissues, are presented. n = 6 individual mice. Scale bar, 50 μm. f, g The analysis of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in C57BL/6J mice with liver injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion. h, i RT-qPCR analysis of the relative mRNA levels of Ptgs2 and Chac1 in liver tissue from C57BL/6J mice with liver injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion. j Quantitative analysis of MDA in liver tissue from C57BL/6J mice with liver injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Statistical analysis: one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test for (b, d, f–j). Sample sizes: (a, b) n = 8; (c, d) n = 6; (e–j) n = 6 individual mice. Image in a, c, e shows representative results from three independent experiments. ns not significant.