Fig. 4: FLAD1 promotes cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism.

a Schematic diagram of the differentially expressed genes between the control and FLAD1 knockdown SUM159 cells. b Enriched signaling pathways were identified by GSEA with the hallmark gene set in RNA-seq data from the control and FLAD1 knockdown SUM159 cells. c Individual GSEA plots of the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism pathways in RNA-seq data from the control and FLAD1 knockdown SUM159 cells. d Cellular contents of cholesterol, fatty acid and triglyceride were detected by LC/MS-MS-based lipidomics in control and FLAD1 knockdown SUM159 cells. e, f Cellular contents of cholesterol (e) and triglyceride (f) were detected by high-throughput spectrophotometry in SUM159 and HCC1806 cells. g, h Neutral lipids stained with the BODIPY 493/503 probe in the control and FLAD1 knockdown SUM159 cells (g) or in the HCC1806 cells (h) expressing the control vector, WT FLAD1 or FLAD1-R530C. Scale bars, 20 μm. Graph bars represent mean ± SEM, and P value was calculated by two-tailed Student’s t-test. Results in (d, e, f) represent biologically independent experiments of n = 3. g, h n = 3 independent experiments, a representative example is shown. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. CE, cholesterol. FA, fatty acid. TAG, triglyceride.