Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the HF population by triglyceride categories

From: Triglyceride levels and its association with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes among patients with heart failure

Baseline characteristics

Total

Triglyceride levels (mmol/L)

<0.8

0.8–1.0

1.0–1.2

1.2–3.0

3.0–5.7

≥5.7

P-value

No.

1,27,124

26,286

22,403

20,119

53,731

4143

442

 

Demographics

 Age (mean ± SD, years)

71.4 ± 12.2

73.5 ± 11.7

72.6 ± 12.0

71.8 ± 12.2

70.2 ± 12.2

65.7 ± 12.8

63.2 ± 12.2

<0.001

 Sex (Male, %)

65,869 (51.8)

15,499 (61.3)

14,032 (55.6)

5990 (52.5)

28,924 (46.7)

1217 (42.2)

207 (46.8)

<0.001

 Smoking (%)

7870 (6.2)

2334 (9.2)

1792 (7.1)

681 (6.0)

2948 (4.8)

99 (3.4)

16 (3.6)

<0.001

 Alcohol (%)

1577 (1.2)

296 (1.2)

323 (1.3)

143 (1.3)

733 (1.2)

70 (2.4)

12 (2.7)

<0.001

Comorbidities

 Hypertension (%)

56,780 (44.7)

10,238 (40.5)

10,689 (42.4)

4863 (42.6)

29,189 (47.2)

1552 (53.8)

249 (56.3)

<0.001

 Diabetes (%)

38,504 (30.3)

5514 (21.8)

6332 (25.1)

3175 (27.8)

21,804 (35.2)

1439 (49.8)

240 (54.3)

<0.001

 Obesity (%)

1985 (1.6)

203 (0.8)

279 (1.1)

169 (1.5)

1216 (2.0)

100 (3.5)

18 (4.1)

<0.001

 Stroke (%)

15,092 (11.9)

3040 (12.0)

3127 (12.4)

1353 (11.9)

7199 (11.6)

325 (11.3)

48 (10.9)

0.035

 Anemia (%)

22,829 (18.0)

4861 (19.2)

4512 (17.9)

1931 (16.9)

10,878 (17.6)

551 (19.1)

96 (21.7)

<0.001

 CAD (%)

47,047 (37.0)

8170 (32.3)

9005 (35.7)

4214 (36.9)

24,289 (39.2)

1170 (40.5)

199 (45.0)

<0.001

 PVD (%)

16,814 (13.2)

3182 (12.6)

3404 (13.5)

1551 (13.6)

8210 (13.3)

400 (13.9)

67 (15.2)

0.014

 Dyslipidaemia (%)

18,220 (14.3)

2506 (9.9)

3046 (12.1)

1502 (13.2)

10,342 (16.7)

696 (24.1)

128 (29.0)

<0.001

 AF (%)

33,431 (26.3)

8944 (35.4)

7510 (29.8)

3088 (27.1)

13,390 (21.6)

435 (15.1)

64 (14.5)

<0.001

 Cirrhosis (%)

1057 (0.8)

256 (1.0)

227 (0.9)

95 (0.8)

451 (0.7)

23 (0.8)

5 (1.1)

0.001

 CKF (%)

13,903 (10.9)

2109 (8.3)

2242 (8.9)

1119 (9.8)

7789 (12.6)

541 (18.7)

103 (23.3)

<0.001

 Other CKD (%)

27,524 (21.7)

4218 (16.7)

4591 (18.2)

2259 (19.8)

15,262 (24.7)

1019 (35.3)

175 (39.6)

<0.001

 Cancer (%)

12,135 (9.5)

2571 (10.2)

2493 (9.9)

1025 (9.0)

5739 (9.3)

270 (9.4)

37 (8.4)

<0.001

 Rheumatism (%)

7615 (6.3)

1444 (6.1)

1420 (6.0)

617 (5.7)

3888 (6.6)

207 (7.5)

39 (9.2)

<0.001

 Parkinson (%)

1197 (1.0)

278 (1.2)

252 (1.1)

92 (0.9)

561 (1.0)

13 (0.5)

1 (0.2)

0.001

 Depression (%)

2223 (1.7)

337 (1.3)

381 (1.5)

189 (1.7)

1202 (1.9)

87 (3.0)

27 (6.1)

<0.001

 Sleep apnea (%)

4830 (3.8)

650 (2.6)

777 (3.1)

405 (3.6)

2777 (4.5)

188 (6.5)

33 (7.5)

<0.001

Drugs

 Aspirin (%)

78,676 (61.9)

15,312 (60.6)

15,720 (62.3)

7189 (63.0)

38,443 (62.1)

1745 (60.4)

267 (60.4)

<0.001

 ACEI (%)

36,934 (29.1)

7299 (28.9)

7107 (28.2)

3185 (27.9)

18,302 (29.6)

892 (30.9)

149 (33.7)

<0.001

 ARB (%)

11,323 (8.9)

1956 (7.7)

2044 (8.1)

985 (8.6)

5914 (9.6)

374 (13.0)

50 (11.3)

<0.001

 Beta blocker (%)

42,420 (33.4)

6939 (27.5)

7622 (30.2)

3645 (32.0)

22,681 (36.6)

1315 (45.5)

218 (49.3)

<0.001

 CCB (%)

48,600 (38.2)

8543 (33.8)

9104 (36.1)

4212 (36.9)

25,264 (40.8)

1287 (44.6)

190 (43.0)

<0.001

 Diuretics (%)

38,689 (30.4)

7448 (29.5)

7105 (28.2)

3311 (29.0)

19,567 (31.6)

1073 (37.2)

185 (41.9)

<0.001

 Statin (%)

30,074 (23.7)

5175 (20.5)

5543 (22.0)

2656 (23.3)

15,679 (25.3)

846 (29.3)

175 (39.6)

<0.001

 Insulin (%)

9979 (7.8)

1190 (4.7)

1406 (5.6)

727 (6.4)

6003 (9.7)

538 (18.6)

115 (26.0)

<0.001

 Other anti-DM drugs (%)

25,921 (20.4)

3756 (14.9)

4238 (16.8)

2163 (19.0)

14,652 (23.7)

949 (32.9)

163 (36.9)

<0.001

Lipid profile

 Total cholesterol (mean ± SD, mmol/L)

4.42 (1.18)

3.86 (0.97)

4.15 (1.00)

4.31 (1.04)

4.71 (1.19)

5.53 (1.48)

6.23 (1.75)

<0.001

 LDL-C (mean ± SD, mmol/L)

2.58 (1.00)

2.16 (0.78)

2.43 (0.86)

2.57 (0.91)

2.81 (1.05)

2.84 (1.34)

2.66 (1.42)

<0.001

 HDL-C (mean ± SD, mmol/L)

1.32 (0.55)

1.45 (0.49)

1.37 (0.51)

1.32 (0.49)

1.25 (0.57)

1.13 (0.73)

1.11 (0.73)

<0.001

  1. ANOVA or χ2 tests were used to estimate differences among groups as appropriate. P-values were listed in the table.
  2. ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ARB angiotensin receptor blockers, CAD coronary artery disease, CKF chronic kidney failure, CKD chronic kidney disease, CCB calcium channel blockers, DM diabetes mellitus, HF heart failure, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, PVD peripheral vascular disease, SD standard deviation.
Back to article page