Fig. 7: Simulation and experiment of transient single-pixel modulation.
From: Electrically programmable pixelated coherent mid-infrared thermal emission
a Gate-voltage modulation with respective thermoreflectance mapping frames at \(t=\left[0,\,2.1\,,6.9\,,9.6\right]{{\upmu }}{{{\rm{s}}}}\) shown in (c)–(f) (scale bar: \(25\,{{\upmu }}{{{\rm{m}}}}\)), with \(\Delta T\) for temperature change and \(\Delta R/R\) for reflectance difference. The upper electrode is the drain electrode, and the lower electrode is the source electrode. Five enlarged Au pads are deposited at the four corners and the center of the array, acting as transducers for the local reflectance measurement and alignment. Local reflectance measurements of three labeled pads A, B and C are given in Supplementary Fig. 7. b Source-drain-voltage on/off modulation with respective thermoreflectance mapping frames at \(t=\left[0\,,\,2.1\,,6.9\,,9.6\right]{{\upmu }}{{{\rm{s}}}}\) shown in (g)–(j). The gate-voltage modulation shows a cutoff frequency \({f}_{c1}=146\,{{{\rm{kHz}}}}\), while the source-drain-voltage on/off modulation has its cutoff frequency \({f}_{c2}=184\,{{{\rm{kHz}}}}\).
