Fig. 3: Circulating and mucosal Vδ1 T cells from ART-suppressed PWH have a phenotypically similar cytotoxic profile.

a Representative pseudocolor plots and (b) Vδ1 and Vδ2 T cell frequency, (c) effector/memory and (d) cytotoxic marker expression on Vδ1 T cells in matched samples from peripheral blood (PB, blue) and the gastrointestinal tract (GI, orange) from ART-suppressed PWH (n = 6). e Representative pseudocolor plot and f frequency of Vδ1 (circles), Vδ2 (triangles), αβ CD4 (squares) and CD8 (diamonds) T cell subsets within the total tissue of ART-suppressed PWH (n = 6), tissue residency defined as CD103 + CD69 intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), CD103-CD69+ lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL), and CD103-CD69- infiltrating lymphocytes. g Representative image of IEL and LP Vδ1 T cells by phenotypic immunofluorescent analysis of CD4 (blue), CD8 (orange), and Vδ1 (purple). White arrows point to CD4 + Vδ1 + cells exclusively found in LP, findings were confirmed by two independent experiments, scale bar = 100 μm. h Comparison of CD4 expression in Vδ1 T cells between matched PB and GI from ART-suppressed PWH (n = 6). Two-sided Wilcoxon matched pairs signed-rank test (c, d, h, i). Means ± S.E.M are represented (b–d, f, h). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.