Fig. 5: The water-saving capacity of seawater desalination technologies in greenhouses. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: The water-saving capacity of seawater desalination technologies in greenhouses.

From: Next-generation water-saving strategies for greenhouses using a nexus approach with modern technologies

Fig. 5

a Schematic illustration of water desalination and energy generation using STIE. Solar-driven evaporation occurs through a selective membrane, which separates clean water from pollutants and salts due to a salinity gradient. b Schematic depiction of the STIE floating farm (STIE-FF). The concentrator acts as a solar thermal collector, enhancing seawater evaporation for desalination. c Schematic depiction of the STMD floating greenhouse (STMD-FG). d Schematic representation of the integration of photovoltaics and multistage membrane distillation using in a greenhouse. e Daily water production rate of STIE-FF and STMD-FG. Relevant raw data are taken from refs. 79,83,84,85,86. Needed water: water needed to meet the needs of plant daily growth.

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