Table 1 Preservation of ocean mesoscale variabilities by artificial intelligence (AI)-based global ocean forecast systems (GOFSs)

From: Forecasting the eddying ocean with a deep neural network

 

WenHai

XiHe

GLORYS

eddy kinetic energy

1015 m5 s-2

2.21

1.96

2.39

temperature variance

1016  °C2 m3

8.43

6.29

8.98

salinity variance

1015 PSU2 m3

3.38

2.35

3.54

  1. Globally integrated eddy kinetic energy, variance of mesoscale temperature anomaly, and variance of mesoscale salinity anomaly in the upper 643 m averaged over the forecast lead times from 1 day to 10 days. Here the forecasts are initialized from the GLORYS reanalysis and forced by the ERA5 reanalysis during 2020. The ocean mesoscale eddy variabilities in the GLORYS reanalysis are treated as the ground truth.
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