Fig. 4: Forest plots showing meta-analysis results from five cohorts UKBB, MVP, ASPREE, MGBB, and FHS, of cluster association and disease outcomes in different population groups. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Forest plots showing meta-analysis results from five cohorts UKBB, MVP, ASPREE, MGBB, and FHS, of cluster association and disease outcomes in different population groups.

From: Heterogeneous effects of genetic variants and traits associated with fasting insulin on cardiometabolic outcomes

Fig. 4

Data points represent the mean effect size (odds ratio) for the combined effect across cohorts. Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated using logistic regression models. All statistical tests were two-sided, with a significance based on a Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons. The dotted vertical line at 1 represents the null effect (no association). SA South Asian, HS Hispanic, AF African, EU European. PIS preserved insulin secretion, EIS elevated insulin secretion, VAT visceral adipose tissue, D diabetogenic, ND non-diabetogenic. Panel A shows type 2 diabetes associations (T2D), hypertension (HTN), and myocardial Infarction (MI) with fasting insulin genetic clusters. Panel B shows associations of fasting insulin clusters with diabetes complications: diabetic retinopathy (DR), and insulin use across populations (INS). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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