Fig. 2: Characterization of EVs and quality control in the discovery phase.
From: Urinary extracellular vesicle N-glycomics identifies diagnostic glycosignatures for bladder cancer
a Characteristics of participants in the discovery cohort, encompassing identified N-glycans number, sex, age, BMI, hematuria, urinary tract infection status, TNM staging, and histologic grading. b NTA results revealed that the diameter range of isolated EVs spanned 40–200 nm across all four sample groups. c WB results demonstrated the presence of characteristic EV markers (CD9, CD81, TSG101) with Calnexin as the negative control in urinary EVs. d–g TEM images depicted urinary EVs in the BC, UB, UM, and HC groups, respectively. h Distributions of pair-wise Pearson’s r within QC samples and non-QC samples. The inner boxplots denote the minimum values, 25th percentiles, medians, 75th percentiles, and maximum values, respectively from bottom to top. i Comparative distribution of CVs among QC and biological samples in discovery cohorts. Images shown are representative of three independent experiments. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
