Fig. 1: Schematic overview of the study design.

cis-pQTLs cis-protein quantitative trait loci, LD linkage disequilibrium, GWAS Genome-Wide Association Studies, IIBDGC International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium, IBD inflammatory bowel disease, CD Crohn’s disease, UC ulcerative colitis, SNPs single nucleotide polymorphisms, MR Mendelian randomization, FDR false discovery rate, PPH4 posterior probability of Hypothesis 4.