Fig. 4: In vitro biological performance of the hydrogel. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: In vitro biological performance of the hydrogel.

From: Injectable bioadhesive and lubricating hydrogel with polyphenol mediated single atom nanozyme for rheumatoid arthritis therapy

Fig. 4

A Intracellular oxygen level of RAW264.7 cells subjected to different treatments was tested using RDPP (n = 3 independent experiments). Scale bar = 100 μm (B) Flow cytometry analysis of RDPP-labeled cells for different groups. C Intracellular ROS staining images of RAW264.7 cells subjected to different treatments (n = 3 independent experiments). Scale bar = 100 μm. D Flow cytometry analysis of ROS-labeled cells for different groups. E–G ELIZA results showed extracellular expression of (E) TNF-α, (F) IL−1β, and (G) IL−10 (n = 3 samples). H BMSCs proliferation on various hydrogels was evaluated using CCK8 after 3 or 7 days of cultivation (n = 3 samples). I Spreading morphology of BMSCs on hydrogel after being cultured for 12 h (n = 3 independent experiments). Scale bar = 200 μm. J–M The expression of cartilage-related markers Sox9, aggregatan (Acan), type II collagen (Col II), and collagen type X (Col X) (n = 3 samples). (Data are presented as the mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test, with a value of *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.005, and ****P < 0.001).

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