Fig. 1: Identification of key neutralizing surface antigens of MPXV for mRNA vaccines. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Identification of key neutralizing surface antigens of MPXV for mRNA vaccines.

From: An mRNA vaccine against monkeypox virus inhibits infection by co-activation of humoral and cellular immune responses

Fig. 1

a Schematic diagram of experimental design. Created in BioRender. Tian, C. (2025) https://BioRender.com/x66i748. 27 surface proteins of MPXV MVs and 6 surface proteins of MPXV EVs were selected and designed as mRNAs for vaccination (12 μg per dose). Collected sera after boosting vaccination (3 weeks interval) were subjected to MPXV-based neutralization assay. b Neutralizing potency of MPXV surface antigens. The neutralizing potency against MPXV in the sera (1:50 dilution, n = 5 mice per group) was evaluated with plaque reduction neutralization tests. The neutralizing ratios are indicated as mean ± SEM. The horizontal lines denoted the threshold for selecting the critical neutralization antigens. c Neutralizing antibodies titers (NT50) induced by MPXV surface antigens. The neutralization potencies of selected antigens (neutralizing ratio > 60%) were further confirmed by NT50. PBS-immunized groups were included as controls (n = 5). NT50 is indicated as mean ± SEM from the indicated number of biological repeats. Data are representative of two independent experiments with similar results (b, c). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

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