Fig. 6: Ubc9 auto-sumoylation-associated changes in the genome-wide pattern of SUMO enrichment.

a Venn diagram showing overlapping ChIP-seq peaks of HF-Smt3 (SUMO) in wild-type (WT; magenta) and ubc9-RR (green) strains. The ChIP-seq data were obtained from duplicate samples. b, c Pie chart depicting the distribution of HF-Smt3 peaks at promoter and other regions (b) and ORF and ncRNA loci (c) in (a). The numbers before and within the parentheses indicate the number of identified peaks and their percentages, respectively, at gene promoters. d Volcano plots displaying the distinct HF-Smt3 peaks in a. The y axis is the mean of the negative logarithm of P value. The x axis corresponds the log2-fold change value. Red and blue dots denote the significantly increased and decreased peaks in ubc9-RR, respectively, compared to the WT. e ChIP read-density plot for levels of HF-Smt3 from the significantly increased (left panel) and decreased (right panel) peaks in ubc9-RR in (d). SUMO peaks did not exhibit significant changes in heterochromatin regions, rDNA, telomere-proximal regions, HM loci, and centromere regions and are therefore not discussed further here. A ± 3 kb window relative to the center of the peaks is shown. Bottom panels indicate heatmaps of SUMO occupancy in WT and ubc9-RR. f Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV) screenshot of ChIP-seq data in a, showing HF-Smt3 peaks in WT and ubc9-RR. SUMO occupancy changes correspond to enriched peaks in d, e visualized by subtracting the normalized IP/INPUT peak ratio in WT from ubc9-RR to illustrate the changes at indicated genes. Increased (red) or decreased (blue) HF-Smt3 peaks are shown. g KEGG analysis of the significantly increased (left panel) and decreased (right panel) peaks displayed in d. Bar diagrams indicate the fold-enrichment in each pathway in DAVID. Statistical significance and enrichment scores for each pathway were cacluated by DAVID. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.