Fig. 3: SEI properties of AC, CMS-800, and CMS-1300 negative electrodes.
From: Redefining closed pores in carbons by solvation structures for enhanced sodium storage
a–c SAXS patterns of three carbon negative electrodes before and after 10 cycles. The cycles were conducted at 25 °C using specific current of 50 mA g−1. All three carbon negative electrodes reached the desodiation state. The arrows represent the direction of the peak’s movement. 3D TOF-SIMS visual maps for negative secondary ion mode of d AC, e CMS-800, and f CMS-1300 negative electrodes after 10 cycles. g–i Operando characterization of SEI formation by EQCM. The CV curves (blue) and the mass change-charge profiles (red) of the SEI formation process, i.e., from A to C, for g AC, h CMS-800, and i CMS-1300 negative electrodes. The cycling process was performed at 25 °C using specific current of 50 mA g−1. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
