Fig. 2: Metagenes obtained using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and comparison of metagene expression across diseases.
A Density plot depicting representative genes associated with cellular components in the skin. The 1-mm punch whole-skin sample used for mRNA-seq included abundant keratinocyte- and fibroblast-derived transcriptomes. 1036 samples were used for analysis. B Heatmap illustrating 2368 highly-weighted genes in metagenes obtained from the decomposition analysis using NMF. Each value represents the gene weights, and the representative genes of each metagene are indicated in the right column. The bubble plot below the heatmap depicts the scaled gene weights (z-scoreg) of the genes that are representative of cellular components. 1036 samples were used for analysis. C The bottom heatmap represents the statistical significance of the comparison between normal samples and lesional AD, non-lesional AD, lesional psoriasis, and non-lesional psoriasis samples, tested by Wilcoxon test. The p values were corrected using the Bonferroni method for multiple comparisons. Blue indicates lower expression, and red indicates significantly higher expression than that in normal samples. Statistically insignificant results are highlighted in gray. All tests were two-sided. n (samples) = 49 (normal), 246 (lesional AD), 170 (non-lesional AD), 18 (lesional psoriasis), and 18 (non-lesional psoriasis). Source data are provided as a Source Data file. AD atopic dermatitis, Pso psoriasis.
